Remote logins

Restrictions = {Allow to change router's configuration, not allowed to changes router's configuration/only viewing}

Username and password = {manager = ciscoisgreat, staff = ciscoissecure}

Tabling them
Username Password Restriction
Manager Ciscoisgreat allowtochangerouter's configuration
Staff ciscoissecure not allowed to change router's configuration

So how can we implement them or configure them on a switch or router?

Router, Windows PC and routing table

Some routers are added to routing tables automatically, based upon configuration information on the network interface.

Router consider a network directly connected when it has an IP address and network mask configured, and the network route is automatically entered into the routing table.

For network that are not directly connected, a default gateway IP address is configured.

Playing with route on Windows host PC/Computer
1. Adding a route
route add 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0 
route add command adding/inserting a route to your PC's routing table.

2.Deleting a route
route delete 192.168.3.0 255.255.255.0

3. Viewing routes
route print

4. Changing a route


Playing with route on Cisco router
Structure of a router's routing table
Components:
- Gateway of last resort
Who is eligible to be a gateway of last resort?
- Dynamic routes:
1. What protocol receives it
2. When that routes received (Time)

- Static routes : Routes that manually entered by Cisco network engineer


- Routes for directly connected network: Routes that entered automatically to routing table when router configured with IP address and subnet mask whether on its Fast Ethernet Interface or its Loopback interface.

Command:
show ip route <ENTER>

Network Troubleshooting steps

1. Verify the correct cables is attached (whether it should straight-through or cross cable)
2. Check the network setting on the victim
- check whether he is using correct IP address and subnet mask
- check whether he is using correct gateway IP address.
 

Viewing computer's gateway address

You can use Windows Command line utilities such as netstat -r and ipconfig /all.

Netstat -r

Digunakan untuk melihat alamat gateway network suatu komputer.

Output dari perintah ini terdiri atas Interface List, IPv4 Route Table, IPv6 Route Table.

IP address

Terdiri dari network portion dan host portion.

Untuk komputer yang berada dalam LAN yang sama, network portion dari komputer tujuan sama dengan network portion dari komputer pengirim.

Untuk komputer yang berbeda network/LAN, nomor source network portion-nya berbeda antara komputer tujuan dan komputer pengirim.

Cables

Use a crossover cable to connect two workstations to each other through their NIC’s Ethernet port. This is an Ethernet cable. When you look at the plug you will notice that the orange and green wires are in opposite positions on each end of the cable.

Use a straight-through cable to connect the router’s Ethernet port to a switch port or a workstation to a switch port. This is also an Ethernet cable. When you look at the plug you will notice that both ends of the cable are exactly the same in each pin position.

I.e use cross over cable to connect two workstations, other than to connect two workstations, use straight-through cable.

Straight-cable is also called patch cable.

Cable tester:
1. Cable type
2. Length
3. Wire map


Typical cable problems:
1. Wrong cable type
2. Broken cables

A properly functioning cable today may be broken tomorrow. This isn’t unusual, and is part of the learning process.